Difference between revisions of "StellarMate and Astroberry"
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== Download and installation == | == Download and installation == | ||
+ | === Stellarmate === | ||
+ | The more professional way to go and support the developer of EKOS and KStars | ||
+ | * https://www.stellarmate.com/products/stellarmate-os.html | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Astroberry === | ||
* https://github.com/rkaczorek/astroberry-server | * https://github.com/rkaczorek/astroberry-server | ||
* http://www.indilib.org/forum/general/2183-astroberry-server/16419.html | * http://www.indilib.org/forum/general/2183-astroberry-server/16419.html | ||
− | Creating an | + | == Backup SD card == |
− | sudo pv /dev/mmcblk0 | xz -c > | + | Creating an image from the sdcard |
+ | sudo pv /dev/mmcblk0 | xz -c > your_astroberry_or_stellarmate_image_$(date +%F).img.xz | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Guiding == | ||
+ | === Predictice PEC === | ||
+ | To use PPEC you need to know the worm period and add it to the guding parameters (EKOS and/or PHD2). | ||
+ | |||
+ | This can be easily done by deviding the durage of a siderial day in seconds through tehe count of the teeth of your mount in RA: | ||
+ | |||
+ | 86164,1 / count of teeth = seconds for worm period | ||
+ | |||
+ | == OnStep == | ||
+ | The old problem: OnStep won't be able to connect due to modem manager: | ||
+ | Disable it: | ||
+ | systemctl stop ModemManager.service; systemctl mask ModemManager.service | ||
+ | |||
+ | Create an udev rule | ||
+ | sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/05-onstep.rules | ||
+ | |||
+ | SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0483", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", MODE="0770", GROUP="dialout", SYMLINK+="onstep" | ||
== Tweaks == | == Tweaks == | ||
* http://indilib.org/forum/general/2183-astroberry-server.html?start=132#24176 | * http://indilib.org/forum/general/2183-astroberry-server.html?start=132#24176 | ||
+ | |||
+ | == RTC DS3231 == | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[File:raspberry-real-time-clock_Makershop_de.png|none|200px|caption]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | Due to problems with a working setup using these guides ... | ||
+ | * [1] https://pimylifeup.com/raspberry-pi-rtc | ||
+ | * [2] https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=209700 | ||
+ | ... I created my own solution (based on [2]). I got my RTC from makershop.de. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 1. Install the hardware correctly! ==== | ||
+ | According to the manual. RTFM ;-) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 2. Enable I2C: ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo raspi-config | ||
+ | -> 5 Interfacing Options | ||
+ | -> I2C | ||
+ | -> Yes & Enter and ESC | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo reboot | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 3. Install Tools ==== | ||
+ | sudo apt-get install python-smbus i2c-tools | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 4. Detect I2C ==== | ||
+ | sudo i2cdetect -y 1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | If the hardware is wired up correctly, you should see: '''ID #68'''. Later this will show '''UU''' (after the next part and a reboot). | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 5. Set up the kernel driver: ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ''sudo vim /boot/config.txt'' | ||
+ | dtparam=i2c_arm=on # this is mostly should be already set | ||
+ | dtoverlay=i2c-rtc,ds3231 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 6. Reboot ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo reboot | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 7. Check, if the kernel driver is loaded: ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo i2cdetect -y 1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | If the kernel driver is loading correctly, you should see: '''UU''' like this: | ||
+ | |||
+ | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f | ||
+ | 00: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- | ||
+ | 10: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- | ||
+ | 20: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- | ||
+ | 30: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- | ||
+ | 40: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- | ||
+ | 50: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- | ||
+ | 60: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- UU -- -- -- -- -- -- -- | ||
+ | 70: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 8. Remove the fake-hwclock ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | apt-get purge fake-hwclock | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''At this point we DON'T - as shown in many HowTo's - edit the file ''/lib/udev/hwclock-set'' and remove any lines!''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 9. Udev rule ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Instead we create an udev rule, that, when the RTC is avaiable, sets the correct time to the PI via ''/sbin/hwclock --hctosys''. Since I had ''two'' hwclocks on my system, ''rtc'' and ''rtc0'', and it never worked with rtc0 I added both to my udev rule. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ''sudo vim /etc/udev/rules.d/85-hwclock.rules'' | ||
+ | # On the Raspberry Pi the RTC isn't available when systemd tries, | ||
+ | # set the time from RTC now when it is available. | ||
+ | KERNEL=="rtc", RUN+="/sbin/hwclock --rtc=$root/$name --hctosys" | ||
+ | KERNEL=="rtc0", RUN+="/sbin/hwclock --rtc=$root/$name --hctosys" | ||
+ | |||
+ | Restart the service | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo service udev restart | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 10. Set hwclock ==== | ||
+ | If the time on your astroberry is correct, set your hwclock. | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo hwclock -w | ||
+ | |||
+ | === EXTRA TIP (not necessary if time is correct): setting the correct time on the astroberry === | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 10 a) via ntp ==== | ||
+ | Temporarily connect your astroberry to the ethernet. Edit the resolv.conf: | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf | ||
+ | nameserver ip_of_your_router (e.g. fritzbox) | ||
+ | nameserver 8.8.8.8 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Setting the time via ntp (internet): | ||
+ | sudo /etc/init.d/ntp restart | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 10 b) via tinyproxy ==== | ||
+ | On your astroberry edit the environment variables for ''http(s)_proxy''. We will use them in a moment. | ||
+ | ''astroberry@astroberry:~$ sudo vim /etc/environment'' | ||
+ | export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:8889 | ||
+ | export https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:8889 | ||
+ | |||
+ | On your main pc install tinyproxy. It will provide the proxy for the above specifications. | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo apt install tinyproxy | ||
+ | |||
+ | ''sudo vim /etc/tinyproxy/tinyproxy.conf'' | ||
+ | Allow 127.0.0.1 | ||
+ | #Allow 192.168.0.0/16 | ||
+ | # Allow 192.168.10.0/24 # (astroberry 1.0) | ||
+ | Allow 10.42.0.0/24 # (astroberry 2.0) | ||
+ | #Allow 172.16.0.0/12 | ||
+ | Allow ###.###.###.0/## # (your network, e.g. 192.168.1.0/24) | ||
+ | #Allow 10.0.0.0/8 8888 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Then log into astroberry via ssh reverse proxy and run on the astroberry the following command: | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo date -s "$(wget --no-cache -S -O /dev/null google.com 2>&1 | sed -n -e '/ *Date: */ {' -e s///p -e q -e '}')" | ||
+ | |||
+ | I put this in the following script, which you can use to connect to your astroberry from any pc that has connection to the wireless access point of the astroberry. I call it "astroberry_connect_via_tinyproxy.sh". It opens a reverse ssh tunnel and | ||
+ | #!/bin/bash | ||
+ | |||
+ | if service tinyproxy status | grep "active (running)" | ||
+ | then | ||
+ | echo OK. Tinyproxy is running ... | ||
+ | else | ||
+ | echo tinyproxy needs to be started via sudo ... | ||
+ | sudo service tinyproxy start | ||
+ | fi | ||
+ | |||
+ | echo "" | ||
+ | echo "" | ||
+ | echo "=======================================================================================================================" | ||
+ | echo "When connection is established, use this command to set time:" | ||
+ | echo "sudo date -s \"\$(wget --no-cache -S -O /dev/null google.com 2>&1 | sed -n -e '/ *Date: */ {' -e s///p -e q -e '}')\"" | ||
+ | echo "=======================================================================================================================" | ||
+ | echo "" | ||
+ | echo "" | ||
+ | |||
+ | ssh -R 8889:localhost:8888 astroberry.local | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Troubleshooting / Using internet with an ethernet cable and tinyproxy''': If you are setting the proxy environment, all internet traffic is routed through the proxy. You cannot use the internet when connected with an ethernet cable to your local network, because this network will be the default one, but will not be routed.. You have to empty the environment variables like this: | ||
+ | export http_proxy="" | ||
+ | export https_proxy="" | ||
+ | |||
+ | and edit ''/etc/resolv.conf'' like shown in ''10 a)'', everything works and you can connect. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Have fun! | ||
== GPS Neo 6M == | == GPS Neo 6M == | ||
− | + | The u-blox NEO6 gps module "GY-GPS6MV2" is nowadays (2012) a very cheap solution for gps. It costs around 10 € or less. | |
− | + | ||
+ | Nevertheless its not the ideal solution because of its known trouble to get a gps fix. Often it takes more than 10 minutes for a correct GPS fix. | ||
+ | |||
+ | It is also very sensitive to RF (radio frequency), therefor you habe to use it far away (at least meter or so) from a modern raspberry like the Pi 4. I strongly advise you to install the module within a metal case with a plastic top to it is shielded. | ||
+ | |||
+ | <gallery widths=600px heights=300px perrow=1> | ||
+ | Image:NEO6 GY-GPS6MV2.jpg|U-blox gps NEO6 module | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Install the hardware === | ||
+ | '''Remark 1''': the ublox NOT BLINKING until it gets GPS-data. Therefore you will not see, if the module ist running - only in a shell with e.g. "sudo gpsmon /dev/serial0". | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Remark 2''': us a long cable (at least one meter) between Raspberry and the module and shield the module at the bottom and side against rf signals. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The pin setup for raspberry is described here: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/gpio/ You can alway use the '''pinout'''-command in a shell to get the pins. the relevant part is: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <gallery widths=600px heights=300px perrow=1> | ||
+ | Image:Astroberry@astroberry pinout.png|Pinout commond of raspberry | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | |||
+ | 3V3 (1) (2) 5V | ||
+ | GPIO2 (3) (4) 5V | ||
+ | GPIO3 (5) (6) GND | ||
+ | GPIO4 (7) (8) GPIO14 (TX) | ||
+ | GND (9) (10) GPIO15 (RX) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pin 1 to 7 we alreay used for the [[#GPS_Neo_6M]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | For the neo6 we connect the "outer" row with the hardware as followed: | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="wikitable" | ||
+ | |+Raspi GPIO to Neo6 pins | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |VCC (3,3V to 5V) | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |RX | ||
+ | |GIO 14 (TX) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |TX | ||
+ | |GIO 15 (RX) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |GND (Ground) | ||
+ | |GIO 6 (GND) | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | That's it. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Prepare raspberry === | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Install software ==== | ||
+ | sudo apt-get install gpsd gpsd-clients minicom | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Enable and configure serial ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | We do this with raspi-config, but can also use an editor: | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo raspi-config | ||
+ | |||
+ | -> Interfacing options | ||
+ | ->-> Serial | ||
+ | ->->-> Login Shell -> No | ||
+ | ->->-> Serial Port Hardware -> Yes | ||
+ | |||
+ | Configure serial | ||
+ | |||
+ | Raspberry pi /dev/serial0 is always pointing to GPIO 14/15. BUT, /dev/serial0 is pointing to /dev/ssyS0 which is NOT a full UART. To enable this and disable bluetooth, which makes really trouble due to RF-interference, we put the following into the config.txt: | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo nano /boot/config.txt | ||
+ | # GPS | ||
+ | # init_uart_baud=9600 | ||
+ | # init_uart_baud=38600 | ||
+ | # Uncomment to assign ttyAMA0 to GPIO14:15 and | ||
+ | # the mini UART to the Bluetooth Module | ||
+ | # dtoverlay=pi3-miniuart-bt | ||
+ | # Uncomment to assign ttyAMA0 to GPIO14:15 and | ||
+ | # disable the Bluetooth module | ||
+ | dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt | ||
+ | |||
+ | This gives us a full UART at /dev/serial0 (alias ttyAMA0 !). | ||
+ | |||
+ | ls -l /dev | grep ttyAMA0 && ls -l /dev | grep ttyS0 | ||
+ | |||
+ | lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Apr 17 16:56 serial0 -> ttyAMA0 | ||
+ | crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 204, 64 Apr 17 16:56 ttyAMA0 | ||
+ | lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 5 Apr 17 16:56 serial1 -> ttyS0 | ||
+ | crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 4, 64 Apr 17 16:56 ttyS0 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Then reboot. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | === GPS-Daemon === | ||
+ | ==== Disable virtual gps ==== | ||
+ | '''Astroberry''' has a very bad thing on board by default: '''Virtual GPS'''. Get rid of this, it is the major problem for getting into trouble (a great and lot of thanks for Doug and his video at https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=KFhrg8myzUU where he discribed the problem in detail. look at hist channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=KFhrg8myzUU .-) ) | ||
+ | |||
+ | By default, this virtual gps points to Warsaw Poland and it conflicts with your GPS hardware. We disable the service: | ||
+ | sudo systemctl stop virtualgps && systemctl disable virtualgps | ||
− | + | ==== Configure gps daemon ==== | |
− | + | Now we have to stop the gpsd, if it is running and remove the socket: | |
+ | sudo systemctl is-active gpsd # check the service | ||
+ | sudo systemctl stop gpsd.socket # stop the service | ||
+ | sudo systemctl disable gpsd.socket # remove socket | ||
+ | sudo killall gpsd # just killall, if some are left | ||
+ | |||
+ | Now we sould alter the behaviour of the gpsd to just listen on localhost | ||
+ | sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/gpsd.socket | ||
− | + | # Alter the line ListenStream from 127.0.0.1 to 0.0.0.0, keep the port :2947 | |
+ | ListenStream=0.0.0.0:2947 | ||
+ | |||
+ | We like to use '''/dev/serial0''' for GPS. If you connect to the serial pins 14 a(TX) and 15 (RX) this will always be /dev/serial0. We also don't want to enable the hotplug for other gps-devices (USBAUTO) and we add the option "-G" for the GPS-daemon so it is | ||
+ | |||
+ | sudo nano /etc/default/gpsd | ||
+ | # Default settings for the gpsd init script and the hotplug wrapper. | ||
+ | |||
+ | # Start the gpsd daemon automatically at boot time | ||
+ | START_DAEMON="true" | ||
+ | |||
+ | # Use USB hotplugging to add new USB devices automatically to the daemon | ||
+ | USBAUTO="false" | ||
+ | |||
# Devices gpsd should collect to at boot time. | # Devices gpsd should collect to at boot time. | ||
− | DEVICES="/dev/ | + | # They need to be read/writeable, either by user gpsd or the group dialout. |
+ | # GPIO 14 (TX) and 15 (RX) on the pi is always /dev/serial0 | ||
+ | DEVICES="/dev/serial0" | ||
+ | |||
# Other options you want to pass to gpsd | # Other options you want to pass to gpsd | ||
− | GPSD_OPTIONS="- | + | GPSD_OPTIONS="-n -G" |
+ | |||
+ | # Socket | ||
+ | GPSD_SOCKET="/var/run/gpsd.sock" | ||
+ | |||
+ | Now we bind the socket of the gps-daemon to /dev/serial0 and enable it. We only have to do this once. | ||
+ | sudo gpsd /dev/serial0 -F /var/run/gpsd.sock | ||
+ | sudo systemctl enable gpsd.socket | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Reboot the pi because the device is no hotplug device''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Test with gpsmon ==== | ||
+ | After the reboot, you can test the status with | ||
+ | gpsmon /dev/serial0 | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Remark:''' it could be, that you get an errer, because /dev/serial0 is not ready yet. Please wait a minute and then try again. BE PATIENT. It could take up to 25 minutes. Be sure you stay away from the pi and you are outside (not in the room). | ||
+ | |||
+ | After 10 minutes (or earlier) you see something like this: | ||
+ | <gallery widths=600px heights=300px perrow=1> | ||
+ | Image:astroberry@astroberry_gpsmon01.png|gpsmon /dev/serial0 after getting a fix | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Links === | ||
+ | Configuration of the hardware: | ||
+ | * https://www.az-delivery.de/collections/kostenlose-e-books?ls=de | ||
− | + | Troubleshooting GPSD: | |
− | + | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=KFhrg8myzUU | |
− | + | Troubleshooting with pps: | |
− | + | gpsd:ERROR: KPPS:/dev/ttyAMA0 kernel PPS failed Connection timed out | |
− | + | * https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/2352 | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
== SkySafari == | == SkySafari == | ||
− | Tested with SkySafari 5 Pro. Also see: http://www.indilib.org/forum/ekos/2253-skysafari-pro-5-with-ekos.html | + | Tested with SkySafari 5/6 Pro. Also see: http://www.indilib.org/forum/ekos/2253-skysafari-pro-5-with-ekos.html |
On the astroberryenter: | On the astroberryenter: | ||
SkySafari -> Main Control: | SkySafari -> Main Control: | ||
− | * Indiserver Host: 192.168.10.1 | + | * Indiserver Host: 192.168.10.1 (10.42.0.1 with Astroberry 2.0) |
* Indiserver Port: 7624 | * Indiserver Port: 7624 | ||
* SkySafari port: 9624 | * SkySafari port: 9624 | ||
Line 56: | Line 366: | ||
** Communication Settings | ** Communication Settings | ||
*** Connect via WiFi | *** Connect via WiFi | ||
− | ***** DO NOT EVER check "Auto-Detect SkyFi" | + | ***** DO NOT EVER check "Auto-Detect SkyFi" (Sky Safari will crash - at least SF 5 does) |
− | *****IP Adress: 192.168.10.1 | + | *****IP Adress: 192.168.10.1 (10.42.0.1 with Astroberry 2.0) |
*****Port Number: 9624 | *****Port Number: 9624 | ||
***** DO NOT EVER press Button "SkyFi Web Page" | ***** DO NOT EVER press Button "SkyFi Web Page" | ||
Line 77: | Line 387: | ||
#> indi-web | #> indi-web | ||
http://localhost:8624 | http://localhost:8624 | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Swap - change size == | ||
+ | sudo dphys-swapfile swapoff | ||
+ | sudo vim /etc/dphys-swapfile | ||
+ | |||
+ | # set size to absolute value, leaving empty (default) then uses computed value | ||
+ | # you most likely don't want this, unless you have an special disk situation | ||
+ | #CONF_SWAPSIZE=100 # astroberry 2.0 default (as of 12/2019) | ||
+ | CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Save file and resize the file: | ||
+ | |||
+ | CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048 | ||
+ | sudo dphys-swapfile setup | ||
+ | sudo dphys-swapfile swapon | ||
+ | |||
+ | Test | ||
+ | |||
+ | free -m | ||
+ | astroberry@astroberry:~ $ free -m | ||
+ | total used free shared buff/cache available | ||
+ | Mem: 874 277 182 10 414 529 | ||
+ | Swap: 2303 125 2178 | ||
== Astrometry.net debian packages not reachable == | == Astrometry.net debian packages not reachable == |
Latest revision as of 19:22, 21 January 2024
Contents
- 1 Download and installation
- 2 Backup SD card
- 3 Guiding
- 4 OnStep
- 5 Tweaks
- 6 RTC DS3231
- 6.1 1. Install the hardware correctly!
- 6.2 2. Enable I2C:
- 6.3 3. Install Tools
- 6.4 4. Detect I2C
- 6.5 5. Set up the kernel driver:
- 6.6 6. Reboot
- 6.7 7. Check, if the kernel driver is loaded:
- 6.8 8. Remove the fake-hwclock
- 6.9 9. Udev rule
- 6.10 10. Set hwclock
- 6.11 EXTRA TIP (not necessary if time is correct): setting the correct time on the astroberry
- 7 GPS Neo 6M
- 8 SkySafari
- 9 Indiweb Manager
- 10 Swap - change size
- 11 Astrometry.net debian packages not reachable
Download and installation
Stellarmate
The more professional way to go and support the developer of EKOS and KStars
Astroberry
- https://github.com/rkaczorek/astroberry-server
- http://www.indilib.org/forum/general/2183-astroberry-server/16419.html
Backup SD card
Creating an image from the sdcard
sudo pv /dev/mmcblk0 | xz -c > your_astroberry_or_stellarmate_image_$(date +%F).img.xz
Guiding
Predictice PEC
To use PPEC you need to know the worm period and add it to the guding parameters (EKOS and/or PHD2).
This can be easily done by deviding the durage of a siderial day in seconds through tehe count of the teeth of your mount in RA:
86164,1 / count of teeth = seconds for worm period
OnStep
The old problem: OnStep won't be able to connect due to modem manager: Disable it:
systemctl stop ModemManager.service; systemctl mask ModemManager.service
Create an udev rule
sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/05-onstep.rules
SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0483", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", MODE="0770", GROUP="dialout", SYMLINK+="onstep"
Tweaks
RTC DS3231
Due to problems with a working setup using these guides ...
- [1] https://pimylifeup.com/raspberry-pi-rtc
- [2] https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=209700
... I created my own solution (based on [2]). I got my RTC from makershop.de.
1. Install the hardware correctly!
According to the manual. RTFM ;-)
2. Enable I2C:
sudo raspi-config -> 5 Interfacing Options -> I2C -> Yes & Enter and ESC
sudo reboot
3. Install Tools
sudo apt-get install python-smbus i2c-tools
4. Detect I2C
sudo i2cdetect -y 1
If the hardware is wired up correctly, you should see: ID #68. Later this will show UU (after the next part and a reboot).
5. Set up the kernel driver:
sudo vim /boot/config.txt dtparam=i2c_arm=on # this is mostly should be already set dtoverlay=i2c-rtc,ds3231
6. Reboot
sudo reboot
7. Check, if the kernel driver is loaded:
sudo i2cdetect -y 1
If the kernel driver is loading correctly, you should see: UU like this:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f 00: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 20: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 30: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 50: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 60: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- UU -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 70: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
8. Remove the fake-hwclock
apt-get purge fake-hwclock
At this point we DON'T - as shown in many HowTo's - edit the file /lib/udev/hwclock-set and remove any lines!
9. Udev rule
Instead we create an udev rule, that, when the RTC is avaiable, sets the correct time to the PI via /sbin/hwclock --hctosys. Since I had two hwclocks on my system, rtc and rtc0, and it never worked with rtc0 I added both to my udev rule.
sudo vim /etc/udev/rules.d/85-hwclock.rules # On the Raspberry Pi the RTC isn't available when systemd tries, # set the time from RTC now when it is available. KERNEL=="rtc", RUN+="/sbin/hwclock --rtc=$root/$name --hctosys" KERNEL=="rtc0", RUN+="/sbin/hwclock --rtc=$root/$name --hctosys"
Restart the service
sudo service udev restart
10. Set hwclock
If the time on your astroberry is correct, set your hwclock.
sudo hwclock -w
EXTRA TIP (not necessary if time is correct): setting the correct time on the astroberry
10 a) via ntp
Temporarily connect your astroberry to the ethernet. Edit the resolv.conf:
sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf nameserver ip_of_your_router (e.g. fritzbox) nameserver 8.8.8.8
Setting the time via ntp (internet):
sudo /etc/init.d/ntp restart
10 b) via tinyproxy
On your astroberry edit the environment variables for http(s)_proxy. We will use them in a moment.
astroberry@astroberry:~$ sudo vim /etc/environment export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:8889 export https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:8889
On your main pc install tinyproxy. It will provide the proxy for the above specifications.
sudo apt install tinyproxy
sudo vim /etc/tinyproxy/tinyproxy.conf Allow 127.0.0.1 #Allow 192.168.0.0/16 # Allow 192.168.10.0/24 # (astroberry 1.0) Allow 10.42.0.0/24 # (astroberry 2.0) #Allow 172.16.0.0/12 Allow ###.###.###.0/## # (your network, e.g. 192.168.1.0/24) #Allow 10.0.0.0/8 8888
Then log into astroberry via ssh reverse proxy and run on the astroberry the following command:
sudo date -s "$(wget --no-cache -S -O /dev/null google.com 2>&1 | sed -n -e '/ *Date: */ {' -e s///p -e q -e '}')"
I put this in the following script, which you can use to connect to your astroberry from any pc that has connection to the wireless access point of the astroberry. I call it "astroberry_connect_via_tinyproxy.sh". It opens a reverse ssh tunnel and
#!/bin/bash if service tinyproxy status | grep "active (running)" then echo OK. Tinyproxy is running ... else echo tinyproxy needs to be started via sudo ... sudo service tinyproxy start fi echo "" echo "" echo "=======================================================================================================================" echo "When connection is established, use this command to set time:" echo "sudo date -s \"\$(wget --no-cache -S -O /dev/null google.com 2>&1 | sed -n -e '/ *Date: */ {' -e s///p -e q -e '}')\"" echo "=======================================================================================================================" echo "" echo "" ssh -R 8889:localhost:8888 astroberry.local
Troubleshooting / Using internet with an ethernet cable and tinyproxy: If you are setting the proxy environment, all internet traffic is routed through the proxy. You cannot use the internet when connected with an ethernet cable to your local network, because this network will be the default one, but will not be routed.. You have to empty the environment variables like this:
export http_proxy="" export https_proxy=""
and edit /etc/resolv.conf like shown in 10 a), everything works and you can connect.
Have fun!
GPS Neo 6M
The u-blox NEO6 gps module "GY-GPS6MV2" is nowadays (2012) a very cheap solution for gps. It costs around 10 € or less.
Nevertheless its not the ideal solution because of its known trouble to get a gps fix. Often it takes more than 10 minutes for a correct GPS fix.
It is also very sensitive to RF (radio frequency), therefor you habe to use it far away (at least meter or so) from a modern raspberry like the Pi 4. I strongly advise you to install the module within a metal case with a plastic top to it is shielded.
Install the hardware
Remark 1: the ublox NOT BLINKING until it gets GPS-data. Therefore you will not see, if the module ist running - only in a shell with e.g. "sudo gpsmon /dev/serial0".
Remark 2: us a long cable (at least one meter) between Raspberry and the module and shield the module at the bottom and side against rf signals.
The pin setup for raspberry is described here: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/gpio/ You can alway use the pinout-command in a shell to get the pins. the relevant part is:
3V3 (1) (2) 5V GPIO2 (3) (4) 5V GPIO3 (5) (6) GND GPIO4 (7) (8) GPIO14 (TX) GND (9) (10) GPIO15 (RX)
Pin 1 to 7 we alreay used for the #GPS_Neo_6M.
For the neo6 we connect the "outer" row with the hardware as followed:
VCC (3,3V to 5V) | |
RX | GIO 14 (TX) |
TX | GIO 15 (RX) |
GND (Ground) | GIO 6 (GND) |
That's it.
Prepare raspberry
Install software
sudo apt-get install gpsd gpsd-clients minicom
Enable and configure serial
We do this with raspi-config, but can also use an editor:
sudo raspi-config
-> Interfacing options ->-> Serial ->->-> Login Shell -> No ->->-> Serial Port Hardware -> Yes
Configure serial
Raspberry pi /dev/serial0 is always pointing to GPIO 14/15. BUT, /dev/serial0 is pointing to /dev/ssyS0 which is NOT a full UART. To enable this and disable bluetooth, which makes really trouble due to RF-interference, we put the following into the config.txt:
sudo nano /boot/config.txt # GPS # init_uart_baud=9600 # init_uart_baud=38600 # Uncomment to assign ttyAMA0 to GPIO14:15 and # the mini UART to the Bluetooth Module # dtoverlay=pi3-miniuart-bt # Uncomment to assign ttyAMA0 to GPIO14:15 and # disable the Bluetooth module dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt
This gives us a full UART at /dev/serial0 (alias ttyAMA0 !).
ls -l /dev | grep ttyAMA0 && ls -l /dev | grep ttyS0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Apr 17 16:56 serial0 -> ttyAMA0 crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 204, 64 Apr 17 16:56 ttyAMA0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 5 Apr 17 16:56 serial1 -> ttyS0 crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 4, 64 Apr 17 16:56 ttyS0
Then reboot.
GPS-Daemon
Disable virtual gps
Astroberry has a very bad thing on board by default: Virtual GPS. Get rid of this, it is the major problem for getting into trouble (a great and lot of thanks for Doug and his video at https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=KFhrg8myzUU where he discribed the problem in detail. look at hist channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=KFhrg8myzUU .-) )
By default, this virtual gps points to Warsaw Poland and it conflicts with your GPS hardware. We disable the service:
sudo systemctl stop virtualgps && systemctl disable virtualgps
Configure gps daemon
Now we have to stop the gpsd, if it is running and remove the socket:
sudo systemctl is-active gpsd # check the service sudo systemctl stop gpsd.socket # stop the service sudo systemctl disable gpsd.socket # remove socket sudo killall gpsd # just killall, if some are left
Now we sould alter the behaviour of the gpsd to just listen on localhost
sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/gpsd.socket
# Alter the line ListenStream from 127.0.0.1 to 0.0.0.0, keep the port :2947 ListenStream=0.0.0.0:2947
We like to use /dev/serial0 for GPS. If you connect to the serial pins 14 a(TX) and 15 (RX) this will always be /dev/serial0. We also don't want to enable the hotplug for other gps-devices (USBAUTO) and we add the option "-G" for the GPS-daemon so it is
sudo nano /etc/default/gpsd
# Default settings for the gpsd init script and the hotplug wrapper. # Start the gpsd daemon automatically at boot time START_DAEMON="true" # Use USB hotplugging to add new USB devices automatically to the daemon USBAUTO="false" # Devices gpsd should collect to at boot time. # They need to be read/writeable, either by user gpsd or the group dialout. # GPIO 14 (TX) and 15 (RX) on the pi is always /dev/serial0 DEVICES="/dev/serial0" # Other options you want to pass to gpsd GPSD_OPTIONS="-n -G" # Socket GPSD_SOCKET="/var/run/gpsd.sock"
Now we bind the socket of the gps-daemon to /dev/serial0 and enable it. We only have to do this once.
sudo gpsd /dev/serial0 -F /var/run/gpsd.sock sudo systemctl enable gpsd.socket
Reboot the pi because the device is no hotplug device
Test with gpsmon
After the reboot, you can test the status with
gpsmon /dev/serial0
Remark: it could be, that you get an errer, because /dev/serial0 is not ready yet. Please wait a minute and then try again. BE PATIENT. It could take up to 25 minutes. Be sure you stay away from the pi and you are outside (not in the room).
After 10 minutes (or earlier) you see something like this:
Links
Configuration of the hardware:
Troubleshooting GPSD:
Troubleshooting with pps:
gpsd:ERROR: KPPS:/dev/ttyAMA0 kernel PPS failed Connection timed out
SkySafari
Tested with SkySafari 5/6 Pro. Also see: http://www.indilib.org/forum/ekos/2253-skysafari-pro-5-with-ekos.html
On the astroberryenter:
SkySafari -> Main Control:
- Indiserver Host: 192.168.10.1 (10.42.0.1 with Astroberry 2.0)
- Indiserver Port: 7624
- SkySafari port: 9624
SkySafati -> Options:
- Debug: Disable
- Active Devices: EQMod Mount (EXACTELY so, case sensitive!!!)
- After that: Save the Options !
Then go tho SkySafari on your Tablet
- Open Settings (First Screen) -> Teleskope (Settings Chapter) -> Setup
- Equipment Selection:
- Scope Type: Meade LX 200 GPS, LX-600
- Mount Type: Equatiorial GoTo (German)
- Equipment Selection:
- Communication Settings
- Connect via WiFi
- DO NOT EVER check "Auto-Detect SkyFi" (Sky Safari will crash - at least SF 5 does)
- IP Adress: 192.168.10.1 (10.42.0.1 with Astroberry 2.0)
- Port Number: 9624
- DO NOT EVER press Button "SkyFi Web Page"
- Connect via WiFi
- Communication Settings
Indiweb Manager
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
sudo pip3 uninstall cython sudo apt autoremove
sudo pip3 install Cython==0.23 sudo pip3 install indiweb
Start:
#> indi-web http://localhost:8624
Swap - change size
sudo dphys-swapfile swapoff sudo vim /etc/dphys-swapfile
# set size to absolute value, leaving empty (default) then uses computed value # you most likely don't want this, unless you have an special disk situation #CONF_SWAPSIZE=100 # astroberry 2.0 default (as of 12/2019) CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048
Save file and resize the file:
CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048 sudo dphys-swapfile setup sudo dphys-swapfile swapon
Test
free -m astroberry@astroberry:~ $ free -m total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 874 277 182 10 414 529 Swap: 2303 125 2178
Astrometry.net debian packages not reachable
UPDATE
There ist a scrip in
/home/astroberry/Downloads/AstroPi3 |-- astrometryIndexInstaller.sh
It will download
|-- astrometry-data-4208-4219_0.45_all.deb
which installs all necessary files. To download the correct files you need to know your FOV (Field of view) in arc minutes of you system. You can calculate this e.g. with tools like this:
- https://astronomy.tools/calculators/field_of_view (enter your camera and an object). Google easily calculates degrees into arc minutes.
Other solution (manual install)
There is a problem with the download-button at astroberry server to download the http://astrometry.net/data.html .
Search for the standard FITS files - depending on your FOV:
sudo apt-cache search astrometry.net
astrometry-data-tycho2 - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 index files astrometry-data-tycho2-07 - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 index files (22'-30') astrometry-data-tycho2-07-bigendian - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 big endian index files (22'-30') astrometry-data-tycho2-07-littleendian - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 little endian index files (22'-30') astrometry-data-tycho2-08 - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 index files (30'-44') astrometry-data-tycho2-08-bigendian - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 big endian index files (30'-44') astrometry-data-tycho2-08-littleendian - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 little endian index files (30'-44') astrometry-data-tycho2-09 - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 index files (44'-60') astrometry-data-tycho2-09-bigendian - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 big endian index files (44'-60') astrometry-data-tycho2-09-littleendian - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 little endian index files (44'-60') astrometry-data-tycho2-10-19 - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 index files (60'-2000') astrometry-data-tycho2-10-19-bigendian - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 big endian index files (60'-2000') astrometry-data-tycho2-10-19-littleendian - Astrometry.net Tycho-2 little endian index files (60'-2000')
astrometry-data-2mass - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader astrometry-data-2mass-00 - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader (2'-2.8') astrometry-data-2mass-01 - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader (2.8'-4') astrometry-data-2mass-02 - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader (4'-5.6') astrometry-data-2mass-03 - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader (5.6'-8') astrometry-data-2mass-04 - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader (8'-11') astrometry-data-2mass-05 - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader (11'-16') astrometry-data-2mass-06 - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader (16'-22') astrometry-data-2mass-07 - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader (22'-30') astrometry-data-2mass-08-19 - Astrometry.net 2MASS index files downloader (30'-2000')
Manually
The astronomy.net FITS files are in
/usr/share/astrometry
If you have to download packages put the astroberry with a LAN cable into the internet.
Then you can download the packages.
sudo su cd /usr/share/astrometry chmod +x ./wget_astrometry_fits.sh
Here is the wget-script - it is included in the astroberry suite.
#!/bin/bash wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4219.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4218.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4217.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4216.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4215.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4214.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4213.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4212.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4211.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4210.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4209.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4208.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-11.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-10.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-09.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-08.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-07.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-06.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-05.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-04.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-03.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-02.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-01.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4207-00.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-11.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-10.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-09.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-08.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-07.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-06.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-05.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-04.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-03.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-02.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-01.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4206-00.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-11.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-10.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-09.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-08.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-07.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-06.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-05.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-04.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-03.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-02.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-01.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4205-00.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-47.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-46.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-45.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-44.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-43.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-42.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-41.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-40.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-39.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-38.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-37.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-36.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-35.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-34.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-33.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-32.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-31.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-30.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-29.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-28.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-27.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-26.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-25.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-24.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-23.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-22.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-21.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-20.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-19.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-18.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-17.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-16.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-15.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-14.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-13.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-12.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-11.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-10.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-09.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-08.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-07.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-06.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-05.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-04.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-03.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-02.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-01.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4204-00.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-47.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-46.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-45.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-44.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-43.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-42.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-41.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-40.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-39.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-38.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-37.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-36.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-35.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-34.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-33.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-32.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-31.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-30.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-29.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-28.fits wget --continue http://broiler.astrometry.net/~dstn/4200/index-4203-27.fits wget --continue 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