Difference between revisions of "Ubuntu - Doing Updates"

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(→‎4. Recover home)
(→‎Replay the backup)
 
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= apt and config files =
 +
=== Pinning an application ===
 +
vim /etc/apt/preferences
 +
 +
Package: firefox
 +
Pin: version 30*
 +
Pin-Priority: 1000
 +
 +
Package: firefox-locale-de
 +
Pin: version 30*
 +
Pin-Priority: 1000
 +
 +
=== Using ppa on the cli ===
 +
Find out, which ppa a package belongs to:
 +
apt-cache policy PACKAGE_NAME
 +
 +
Getting all ppas:
 +
* http://askubuntu.com/questions/148932/how-can-i-get-a-list-of-all-repositories-and-ppas-from-the-command-line
 +
 +
#! /bin/sh
 +
# listppa Script to get all the PPA installed on a system ready to share for reininstall
 +
# http://askubuntu.com/questions/148932/how-can-i-get-a-list-of-all-repositories-and-ppas-from-the-command-line
 +
for APT in `find /etc/apt/ -name \*.list`; do
 +
    grep -o "^deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/[a-z0-9\-]\+/[a-z0-9.\-]\+" $APT | while read ENTRY ; do
 +
        USER=`echo $ENTRY | cut -d/ -f4`
 +
        PPA=`echo $ENTRY | cut -d/ -f5`
 +
        echo sudo apt-add-repository ppa:$USER/$PPA
 +
    done
 +
done
 +
 +
= dpkg --get-selections =
 
== The Problems ==
 
== The Problems ==
 
A system upgrade via update manager is not working or not intended. Several ppa archives are installed. A complete new installation is needed.
 
A system upgrade via update manager is not working or not intended. Several ppa archives are installed. A complete new installation is needed.
Line 8: Line 39:
 
# Be sure which ppa's you did install and if they are avaiable for your new distribution
 
# Be sure which ppa's you did install and if they are avaiable for your new distribution
 
# Remember your Username and Password (don't change this)
 
# Remember your Username and Password (don't change this)
 +
# Be sure you are connected to the internet
  
 
The best is to keep your home data on a seperate partition. Then you only have to select this partition during a new install  '''and NOT (!!!)''' to format it.
 
The best is to keep your home data on a seperate partition. Then you only have to select this partition during a new install  '''and NOT (!!!)''' to format it.
Line 18: Line 50:
 
Save this file to your backup media!
 
Save this file to your backup media!
  
−
=== 2. Save home ===
+
=== 2. Save Data ===
 
'''Logout !!!'''
 
'''Logout !!!'''
  
 
Switch to a terminal screen via '''Strg+Alt+F1''' and login with your normal username!
 
Switch to a terminal screen via '''Strg+Alt+F1''' and login with your normal username!
  
 +
=== Home ===
 
Then enter the following commands:
 
Then enter the following commands:
 
  cd /home
 
  cd /home
Line 31: Line 64:
 
Switch back to the graphical login screen with '''Strg+Alt+F7''' (sometimes F8) and login.
 
Switch back to the graphical login screen with '''Strg+Alt+F7''' (sometimes F8) and login.
  
 +
==== Evolution ====
 
If you are using '''evolution email''', it is a good idea to backup now your data with the evolution backup procedure which also generates a backup file!
 
If you are using '''evolution email''', it is a good idea to backup now your data with the evolution backup procedure which also generates a backup file!
 +
 +
==== Other Data ====
 +
Remember other data that is not stored in the home directory
 +
# databases (e.g. for mythtv)
 +
# programs or scripts in ''/usr/local/bin''
 +
# special customized scripts in ''/etc'' (e.g. in /etc/modprobe.d, /etc/rc.local, ...)
 +
 +
...
  
 
Now burn your backup files (don't forget the myselections file) from your desktop to a CD/DVD and/or - dependent to the size - to a backup drive. Be careful!!! Better save your data twice. A CD or DVD could be defective. The securest way is a backup onto an external hard drive.
 
Now burn your backup files (don't forget the myselections file) from your desktop to a CD/DVD and/or - dependent to the size - to a backup drive. Be careful!!! Better save your data twice. A CD or DVD could be defective. The securest way is a backup onto an external hard drive.
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==== Copy back your backupfiles ====
 
==== Copy back your backupfiles ====
 
Login to your new ubuntu with the same (!) username you used before.
 
Login to your new ubuntu with the same (!) username you used before.
 +
Establish an internet connection via the network manager.
  
−
Copy the backup of your home directory (''yourUsername.tar.bz'') and the paket selections (''myselections'') to your desktop.
+
Be sure you reenabled all your ppa archives. The easiest way is to to it in a terminal whith
 +
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:YOUR_PPA/SUBDIR
 +
sudo apt-get update
  
−
==== Reselect archives ====
+
Copy the backup bakcup files from your backup media
−
Be sure you reenabled all your ppa archives and all package sources you previously had.
 
−
Login and copy your backuped files
 
 
# myselections
 
# myselections
−
# youUserName.tar.bz
+
# yourUserName.tar.bz
 
# evt. evolution.tar.gz
 
# evt. evolution.tar.gz
−
to your Desktop.
+
to your desktop.
 +
 
 +
'''Now Logout.'''
  
 
==== Replay the backup ====
 
==== Replay the backup ====
Line 59: Line 104:
 
Then enter the following commands:
 
Then enter the following commands:
 
  cd /home
 
  cd /home
 +
mv ${USER} ${USER}.save
 
  tar xjvf ~/Desktop/${USER}.tar.bz
 
  tar xjvf ~/Desktop/${USER}.tar.bz
−
cd ~/Desktop/${USER}
 
 
   
 
   
 +
cd ${USER}/Desktop
 
  sudo dpkg --set-selections < myselections
 
  sudo dpkg --set-selections < myselections
 
  sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade
 
  sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade
  
−
This could take a lot of time depending to your sources.
+
The last command could take a lot of time depending to your sources and internet connection.
  
 
Switch back to the graphical login screen with '''Strg+Alt+F7''' (sometimes F8) and login with your username / password.
 
Switch back to the graphical login screen with '''Strg+Alt+F7''' (sometimes F8) and login with your username / password.
  
 
You should be able to login seeing your old desktop environment again.
 
You should be able to login seeing your old desktop environment again.
 +
 +
 +
If you get problems you might have to sync the avaiable packages list:
 +
( https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-german/2014/06/msg00155.html )
 +
 +
sudo apt-get install dctrl-tools
 +
sudo sync-available
  
 
== Troubleshooting ==  
 
== Troubleshooting ==  
−
Sometimes your multimedia might not work.
+
=== Pulseaudio ===
 +
Sometimes your audio might not work.
  
 
Deletion of the following folders / files might (!) help.
 
Deletion of the following folders / files might (!) help.
 
  cd ~
 
  cd ~
 
  rm -rf .pulse
 
  rm -rf .pulse
 +
 +
In newer Ubuntu versions the pulse directory is  in ''~/config''
 +
 +
cd ~/.config
 +
rm -rf .pulse
 +
 +
Or simply restart the pulseaudio server:
 +
 +
pulseaudio -k
 +
 +
Reboot and sound should appear (if there are no hardware restrictions).
 +
 +
=== Updates did not went well ===
 +
Restart the update process
 +
 +
dpkg --configure -all
 +
 +
or
 +
 +
apt-get -f install
 +
 +
[[Category:Ubuntu]]
 +
[[Category:Backup]]

Latest revision as of 20:25, 9 March 2020

apt and config files

Pinning an application

vim /etc/apt/preferences

Package: firefox
Pin: version 30*
Pin-Priority: 1000

Package: firefox-locale-de
Pin: version 30*
Pin-Priority: 1000

Using ppa on the cli

Find out, which ppa a package belongs to: 

apt-cache policy PACKAGE_NAME

Getting all ppas: 

#! /bin/sh 
# listppa Script to get all the PPA installed on a system ready to share for reininstall
# http://askubuntu.com/questions/148932/how-can-i-get-a-list-of-all-repositories-and-ppas-from-the-command-line
for APT in `find /etc/apt/ -name \*.list`; do
    grep -o "^deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/[a-z0-9\-]\+/[a-z0-9.\-]\+" $APT | while read ENTRY ; do
        USER=`echo $ENTRY | cut -d/ -f4`
        PPA=`echo $ENTRY | cut -d/ -f5`
        echo sudo apt-add-repository ppa:$USER/$PPA
    done
done

dpkg --get-selections

The Problems

A system upgrade via update manager is not working or not intended. Several ppa archives are installed. A complete new installation is needed.

Be warned: I am not responsible for any damage on you system or dataloss. I only can confirm, that I am doing ubuntu updates (formerly debian updates) with this method without any problems since years.

In any case

  1. Backup or keep your home directory!!!
  2. Be sure which ppa's you did install and if they are avaiable for your new distribution
  3. Remember your Username and Password (don't change this)
  4. Be sure you are connected to the internet

The best is to keep your home data on a seperate partition. Then you only have to select this partition during a new install and NOT (!!!) to format it.

In case you need a new install of the whole hard disk, this is very easy. Mount an external backup drive or insert a dvd. Save the following files onto that media.

1. Save Package informations

sudo dpkg --get-selections > ~/Desktop/myselections

Save this file to your backup media!

2. Save Data

Logout !!!

Switch to a terminal screen via Strg+Alt+F1 and login with your normal username!

Home

Then enter the following commands: 

cd /home
tar cjvf ~/Desktop/${USER}.tar.bz ${USER}

This creates a file called "yourUserName.tar.bz" on your Desktop.

Switch back to the graphical login screen with Strg+Alt+F7 (sometimes F8) and login.

Evolution

If you are using evolution email, it is a good idea to backup now your data with the evolution backup procedure which also generates a backup file!

Other Data

Remember other data that is not stored in the home directory

  1. databases (e.g. for mythtv)
  2. programs or scripts in /usr/local/bin
  3. special customized scripts in /etc (e.g. in /etc/modprobe.d, /etc/rc.local, ...)

...

Now burn your backup files (don't forget the myselections file) from your desktop to a CD/DVD and/or - dependent to the size - to a backup drive. Be careful!!! Better save your data twice. A CD or DVD could be defective. The securest way is a backup onto an external hard drive.

3. Install your new ubuntu

You can savely install your new ubuntu using and erasing (!) the whole partition using your old (!) username an password.

4. Recover

After you installed your new ubuntu (you can savely use the whole partition) do the same as above.

Copy back your backupfiles

Login to your new ubuntu with the same (!) username you used before. Establish an internet connection via the network manager.

Be sure you reenabled all your ppa archives. The easiest way is to to it in a terminal whith 

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:YOUR_PPA/SUBDIR
sudo apt-get update

Copy the backup bakcup files from your backup media

  1. myselections
  2. yourUserName.tar.bz
  3. evt. evolution.tar.gz

to your desktop.

Now Logout.

Replay the backup

Switch to a terminal screen via Strg+Alt+F1 and login with your normal username!

Then enter the following commands: 

cd /home
mv ${USER} ${USER}.save
tar xjvf ~/Desktop/${USER}.tar.bz

cd ${USER}/Desktop
sudo dpkg --set-selections < myselections
sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade

The last command could take a lot of time depending to your sources and internet connection.

Switch back to the graphical login screen with Strg+Alt+F7 (sometimes F8) and login with your username / password.

You should be able to login seeing your old desktop environment again.


If you get problems you might have to sync the avaiable packages list: ( https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-german/2014/06/msg00155.html ) 

sudo apt-get install dctrl-tools
sudo sync-available

Troubleshooting

Pulseaudio

Sometimes your audio might not work.

Deletion of the following folders / files might (!) help. 

cd ~
rm -rf .pulse

In newer Ubuntu versions the pulse directory is in ~/config 

cd ~/.config
rm -rf .pulse

Or simply restart the pulseaudio server: 

pulseaudio -k

Reboot and sound should appear (if there are no hardware restrictions).

Updates did not went well

Restart the update process 

dpkg --configure -all

or 

apt-get -f install
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