Git

HowTo git

• Git Online Help: https://help.github.com
• PRO GIT BOOK: https://progit.org
• Scott Chaco's (Pro git book) Introduction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZDR433b0HJY
• SVN basic commands to Git commands (CERN): http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/Offline/node/2912/#Commands
• Git best practices (Rereira, CERN): http://cds.cern.ch/record/1644783

Practice

• Local credential storage: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Credential-Storage

git config --global credential.helper 'store --file ~/.git-credentials'

Troubleshooting

Bare Repo

Since git 1.7.0, if you like to create a server repo you have to use a so called "bare repo". This is a directory which contains NO worktree. For convention, you better name this director like "my_repo.git". The ".git" postfix should indicate this is a "bare repo".

On the server:

mkdir my_repo.git
git init --bare my_repo.git
git update-server-info

On the client

# point origin to the server URL
git remote add origin user@server:/path/to/my_repo.git
# OR, if the origin was somewhere else
git remote set-url origin user@server:/path/to/my_repo.git

# push everything to the server
git push origin master

You might also want to convert a given repo into a bare one:

• Convert a repo into a bare one: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2199897/how-to-convert-a-normal-git-repository-to-a-bare-one/2200662#2200662

Further reading:

• See Getting Git on a Server: http://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Getting-Git-on-a-Server#_git_on_the_server
• See What is a bare git repository?: www.saintsjd.com/2011/01/what-is-a-bare-git-repository/

HowTo gitolite

[UPDATE] --Apos (talk) 16:12, 4 November 2015 (CET)

Due to the fact I completely do not use the gui interfaces for git any more, I simple recommend using plain commandline git including secured ssh (string password, fail2ban, and / or rsa key usage ;-) On the server simply use a bare git repo. If someone really needs this for production usage or like within a company, you should get a commerial account with gitlab or any other service.

This article about gitolite therefore is not maintained any more.

---

There are different ways to install git, gitolite, and webacces (e.g. [[#GitlabHQ|gitlabhq])] on Debian oder Ubuntu.

In any case: be sure to read the complete (!) gitolite documentation before you proceed. This article is mainly for Debian squeeze (6.0) server.

Mainly this boils down to:

1. should use gitolite anyway
2. which username you like to use by default to access the server: git, gitolite, whatever
3. which port to use for ssh
4. create a public or private repo
5. have http access via smarthttp or gitlabhq
6. install it manually or the "debian way" (apt-get), however the latter will give you automatic security updates

References

• How-To: Install a private Debian git server using gitolite and GitLabHQ
• Gitolite installation with gitweb and anongit in Gentoo and Debian

GitlabHQ

Fast, secure and stable solution based on Ruby on Rails & Gitolite.

• gitlabhq.com

Gitolite

Gitolite is the new framework around git. Easy project and user rights management.

Everything well documented online:

• Entry point for the answer to most questions

Troubleshooting

User git

After an uninstallation the user git remains on the system.

I had some problems (re)creating a user on my debian system (squeeze). I reverted (uninstalled) a gitolite installation and deleted the user git with

userdel -rf git

After that I had to recreate a new user git with:

useradd -d /home/git -b /home/git -m -s /bin/bash git
passwd git

If you not do this, there is not valid shell, the userdir in /home is not created and there is no password!

Gitosis

Is not activly maintained and developed any more. Use gitolite instead.

Troubleshooting

git pull
fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/somewhere/': 
   Failed to connect to github.com port 443: Connection timed out

Disable the firewall.

Edit the local git configuration:

git config --global --edit

Trace the problem:

GIT_TRACE=1 git pull

Possible solutions:

git config --global url."https://".insteadOf git://
git config --global --unset http.proxy
export GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY=1
git config --global http.sslverify false

git config --global http.sslverify true
git config --global http.sslCAPath /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/cacert.org

See:

• GIT: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21544803/git-bower-errors-exit-code-128-failed-connect
• PROXY: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3512202/github-https-access
• SSL/CA: https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/issues/4272